ADSU International Journal of Applied Economics, Finance and Management
type: channel
description: ADSU International Journal of Applied Economics, Finance and Management Overview The ADSU International Journal of Applied Economics, Finance and Management is a premier scholarly publication of the Department of Economics, Adamawa State University, Mubi, that disseminates advanced research and knowledge in the fields of applied economics, finance, and management. The journal caters to a global audience of academicians, researchers, and professionals, aiming to bridge the gap between theory and practice in these interrelated disciplines in order to facilitate economic development. History The journal was initially established in 2016 under the title ADSU Journal of Economics and Interrelated Disciplines. It was founded with the mission to explore and address the diverse aspects of economics and its related fields. Recognizing the evolving scope and the interdisciplinary nature of modern economic studies, the journal rebranded to ADSU Journal of Applied Economics, Finance and Management. This change reflected a more focused commitment to the practical applications of economic theories, financial management practices, and managerial strategies. In its continuous evolution and pursuit of academic excellence, the journal has now attained significant international visibility and prestige, leading to its current title, ADSU International Journal of Applied Economics, Finance and Management. This rebranding marks its established status in the global academic community and its commitment to fostering international collaboration and dissemination of high-impact research. Scope and Aims The ADSU International Journal of Applied Economics, Finance and Management aims to publish original, high-quality research articles, review papers, and case studies. The journal welcomes contributions that offer innovative insights, empirical findings, and theoretical advancements in areas including, but not limited to: Applied Economics: consumer behaviour, production theory, market structur…
language: en
publication name: ADSU International Journal of Applied Economics, Finance and Management
items: Under-Five Mortality And Economic Performance In Selected Sub-Saharan Africa: Evidence From A Panel Data Analysis
items: Moderating Effect Of Institutional Quality On The Relationship Between Foreign Direct Investment, Trade Openness, Economic Growth And Development In West Africa
items: Linear And Non-Linear Impact Of Interest Rate On Sustainable Energy Consumption In Nigeria
items: Economic Growth And Environmental Sustainability In Africa
items: A Sectorial Analysis Of Tax Revenue And Economic Growth In Nigeria
items: Impact Of Indirect Tax On The Nigerian Economic Growth
items: Interaction Effects Of Monetary And Exchange Rate Policies On Oil And Non-Oil Trade Balance In Nigeria
items: Manufacturing Sector Output And Economic Performance In West Africa: Panel Analysis
items: Health Expenditure And Maternal Mortality Rate In Sub-Sahara Africa
items: Economic Dimensions Of Post-Harvest Losses And Household Food Security Among Cowpea Farmers: Evidence From Taraba State, Nigeria
items: Digitalising Local Government Procurement Units: Panacea For Effective Public Finance Management
items: Assessment Of The Effect Of Economic Growth On Environmental Pollution In West Africa
items: Driving Economic Growth Through Macroeconomic Indicators: Evidence From Nigeria
items: Effects Of Basic Health Care Provision Fund Health Insurance On Healthcare Access And Utilization In Adamawa State: Evidence From Structural Equation And Thomas & Penchansky Models
items: Estimating The Time-Variant Co-Movement Of Exchange Rate Volatility And Consumer Price Returns In Nigeria
items: Endogenous Growth, Credit Constraints, And Monetary Policy Transmission: A Structural Dynamic Analysis
items: Determinants Of Green Innovation: The Role Of Regulatory Pressure, Technology Innovation, And Institutional Collaboration
items: Assessing The Role Of Resource Endowment And Export Diversification In Nigeria’s Growth Trajectory
items: What Drives Child Health Inequality In Nigeria? Decomposing The Socioeconomic Gap In Children Nutritional Status
items: Inflation Threshold And Inflation-Growth Nexus In Nigeria
items: Impact Of Infrastructural Sector On Economic Growth In Nigeria
items: Impact Of Corporate Tax Reforms On Business Investment In BRICS Emerging Economies
items: Foreign Direct Investment And Its Effect On The Performance Of Return On Assets Of Commercial Banks In Nigeria
items: Financial Inclusion And Household Financial Health In Nigeria: The Role Of Sociodemographic Factors
items: Role Of SMES In Rural Poverty Reduction In Wase Local Government, Plateau State, Nigeria
items: Impact Of Energy Consumption On Economic Growth In Lower Middle Income Economies In Africa
items: Examining The Consequences Of Unemployment Amongst Youths In Abia State, Nigeria
items: Cryptocurrency, Money Supply And Monetary Policy: Theoretical And Empirical Reviews
items: Challenges And Prospects Of Youth Employment In Yobe State, Nigeria: A Quantitative Analysis
items: National Security, A Panacea For Economic Growth In Nigeria 1981-2025

Under-Five Mortality And Economic Performance In Selected Sub-Saharan Africa: Evidence From A Panel Data Analysis
type: item
description: This study examines the impact of under-five mortality on economic performance in Sub-Saharan Africa, with the main objective of determining whether child mortality significantly influences GDP per capita within a dynamic macroeconomic framework. The study utilises secondary data obtained from the World Development Indicators (WDI), covering a panel of selected Sub-Saharan African countries over a specified period. To achieve robust and reliable results, the study employs panel data estimation techniques, including fixed effects and random effects models, supported by diagnostic tests such as the Hausman test, heteroskedasticity test, and autocorrelation test. In addition, a dynamic panel estimation using the System Generalised Method of Moments (System-GMM) is applied to address potential endogeneity and capture dynamic relationships among the variables. The findings reveal that under-five mortality has a negative but statistically insignificant effect on economic performance, indicating that its direct impact on GDP per capita is weak in the short run. In contrast, literacy rate and labour force are found to have positive and statistically significant effects, highlighting the critical role of human capital and labour participation in driving economic growth. Government health expenditure and gross fixed capital formation, although positively related to economic performance, do not exhibit consistent statistical significance. Based on these findings, the study recommends that policymakers prioritise investment in education and human capital development, as these factors have a direct and significant influence on economic performance while also indirectly contributing to improved child survival outcomes.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Under-Five Mortality
  topic: keywords
subject: Economic Performance
  topic: keywords
subject: macroeconomic
  topic: keywords
subject: Panel Data Analysis
  topic: keywords
subject: System Generalised Method of Moments
  topic: keywords
creator: Dogara Micah
creator: Aisha Liman
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-05-14
publication date: 2026-05-14
starting page: 282
ending page: 299

Moderating Effect Of Institutional Quality On The Relationship Between Foreign Direct Investment, Trade Openness, Economic Growth And Development In West Africa
type: item
description: This study examined the moderating effect of institutional quality in the relationship among FDI, trade openness, economic growth, and economic development in West Africa. Using an ex post facto research design, the study employed a convenience sampling technique to select 14 out of 15 countries in the region, based on data availability. The study was theoretically anchored on the endogenous growth theory, as well as the FDI-led and trade-led growth hypotheses, which guided both variable selection and model specification. Data were sourced from the World Bank’s World Development Indicators (WDI), the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) and the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) databases. For model estimation, the study utilized the panel Feasible Generalized Least Squares (FGLS) technique, which is robust to cross-sectional dependence, heteroskedasticity, and serial correlation. The results reveal that increases in both FDI and trade openness significantly stimulate economic growth in West African countries, with higher institutional quality amplifying these effects. Similarly, both FDI and trade openness were found to positively influence economic development, and sound institutional quality enhances these developmental impacts. The study further established that institutional quality exerts a direct and positive effect on both economic growth and economic development in the sampled countries. In light of these findings, the study recommends that West African countries sustain and, where necessary, deepen trade and capital account liberalization policies to facilitate greater trade and FDI flows. Also, the policymakers in the region should prioritize comprehensive institutional reforms.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Institutional Quality
  topic: keywords
subject: Foreign Direct Investment
  topic: keywords
subject: Trade Openness
  topic: keywords
subject: Economic Growth
  topic: keywords
subject: Development
  topic: keywords
creator: Salisu Zubairu
creator: Aisha Liman
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-05-14
publication date: 2026-05-14
starting page: 262
ending page: 279

Linear And Non-Linear Impact Of Interest Rate On Sustainable Energy Consumption In Nigeria
type: item
description: This study examined the impact of interest rate on renewable energy consumption in Nigeria from 1991–2021. The data for this study were obtained from World Bank Development Indicators, the Central Bank Statistical Bulletin, and the World Carbon Budget. The study employed Non-linear Autoregressive Distributed Lag (NARDL) model. Wald test result shows that an asymmetric relationship exists between the interest rate and renewable energy consumption in the long run. The empirical results reveal that interest rate exerts a negative and statistically significant impact on renewable energy consumption in both the short run and long run, implying that higher borrowing costs reduce investment in renewable energy technologies. The NARDL results further shows that increases in interest rate have a stronger negative impact on renewable energy consumption than equivalent decreases. Also, the long run result revealed that positive and negative changes are significant. It was observed that the impact of positive and negative change s were all negative as shown in their respective coefficients of -0.465768 and -0.410854, respectively. The study concludes that Nigeria’s transition towards sustainable energy is strongly influenced by the cost of capital associated with renewable energy investment. It therefore recommends that monetary authorities adopt interest-rate-supportive policies such as green-lending windows, subsidised credit, tax incentives, and renewable-energy financing schemes to enhance accessibility and accelerate clean-energy adoption. Strengthening renewable-energy financing frameworks will not only improve investment viability but also support national growth, energy security, and emission reduction commitments.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Interest Rate
  topic: keywords
subject: Renewable Energy Consumption
  topic: keywords
subject: non-linear autoregressive distributed lag,
  topic: keywords
subject: green lending windows
  topic: keywords
subject: Nigeria
  topic: keywords
creator: Ibrahim Abubakar
creator: Shehu El-Rasheed
creator: Hassan Abdulwahab Yusuf
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-05-14
publication date: 2026-05-14
starting page: 249
ending page: 262

Economic Growth And Environmental Sustainability In Africa
type: item
description: The paper examined the impact of economic growth and environmental sustainability in Africa. The study used secondary annual panel data which span the period 2000 to 2024, the panel data was analyzed with the aid of panel autoregressive distributed lag (P/ARDL) or the Pooled Mean Group (PMG) estimator. The variables employed in the study are environmental performance index (EPI) which is the dependent variable, while gross domestic product per capita (GDPPL), population (POPL), degree of trade openness (DTO), institutional quality index (IQI), labour (L), and capital (K), all serve as the independent variables. The outcome of the findings, revealed that in the long run GDPPL was found to have a positive impact on EPI with a coefficient of 0.0007 and in the short run it exhibited an inverse relationship on EPI, although in both period it was found to be insignificant to EPI, with a pvalue of 0.499 and 0.454 respectively. Whereas, in the long run POPL, TDO and K demonstrated a positive impact on EPI, and are all found to be statistically significant. While IQI, and L were found to have a negative impact on EPI in the long run. While in the short run TDO, and IQI exhibited a negative impact and were found to be statistically insignificant to EPI. Furthermore, POPL, L, and K were all having a positive and insignificant effect on EPI in the short run. The paper further put forth the recommendation that government in Africa should prioritize renewable energy adoption and target urban planning, energy efficiency, and governance reforms to amplify long-run benefit while curbing emissions.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: GDP per capita
  topic: keywords
subject: Environmental Sustainability
  topic: keywords
subject: Pool Mean Group
  topic: keywords
subject: Africa
  topic: keywords
creator: Jummai Sabo Ogumka
creator: Freeman Aye-Agele
creator: Salami Abdulganiyu
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-05-14
publication date: 2026-05-14
starting page: 230
ending page: 248

A Sectorial Analysis Of Tax Revenue And Economic Growth In Nigeria
type: item
description: This study examined the impact of tax revenue on economic growth in Nigeria, a sectorial analysis using time series data for the period of 1987 to 2022. The study specifically sought to; evaluate the effect of agricultural sector tax revenue on economic growth in Nigeria, ascertain the effect of manufacturing sector tax revenue on economic growth in Nigeria, determine the effect of services sector tax revenue on economic growth in Nigeria, and examined the effect of oil sector tax revenue on economic growth in Nigeria. The study utilized Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) as its estimation technique. It was revealed that Agricultural sector, manufacturing sector, services sector and oil sector led to increases in economic growth in Nigeria economy within the period under review. The study recommended that the government should increases mobilization of tax revenue across the sectors and subsidize agricultural inputs towards achieving the desired economic growth in the Nigeria Economy.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Mohammed Ishaka Gani
creator: ILemona Adofu
creator: Obadiah Jonathan Gimba
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-05-14
publication date: 2026-05-14
starting page: 280
ending page: 292

Impact Of Indirect Tax On The Nigerian Economic Growth
type: item
description: This study investigates the impact of indirect taxes, Value Added Tax (VAT), Customs and Excise Duties (CED), and Petroleum Profit Tax (PPT) on Nigeria’s economic growth over the period 1994 to 2024. Employing secondary time-series data and the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) modeling approach, the study examines both short-run and long-run dynamics, as well as causal relationships between these taxes and real GDP. The findings reveal that VAT has a significant positive effect on economic growth, both in the short and long run, highlighting its role as a growth enhancing fiscal instrument. In contrast, CED exhibits mixed effects, with short-run significance but an insignificant long-run impact, while PPT shows a small but significant negative effect on long-run growth. Granger causality tests indicate unidirectional influence from VAT to GDP and reverse causality from GDP to CED, whereas PPT demonstrates no predictive causality. Despite limitations related to data constraints, exclusion of other tax instruments, and the linear modeling assumption, the study contributes to knowledge by providing robust empirical evidence on the differential effects of indirect taxes and offering insights for policy formulation aimed at enhancing sustainable economic growth in Nigeria. The study recommends strengthening Value Added Tax administration through improved compliance, digital monitoring, and base broadening to sustain its growth-enhancing role, reforming Petroleum Profit Tax to reduce distortive effects on investment in the oil sector, and improving the efficiency of Customs and Excise Duties. These measures would enhance revenue mobilization, improve fiscal sustainability, and support inclusive and long-term economic growth in Nigeria.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Indirect Taxation
  topic: keywords
subject: Fiscal Policy
  topic: keywords
subject: Economic Growth
  topic: keywords
subject: Nigeria
  topic: keywords
subject: ARDL Model
  topic: keywords
creator: Muhammad Salihu Salihu
creator: Peter Chika Uzomba
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-05-12
publication date: 2026-05-12
starting page: 157
ending page: 175

Interaction Effects Of Monetary And Exchange Rate Policies On Oil And Non-Oil Trade Balance In Nigeria
type: item
description: Motivated by persistent imbalances in Nigeria’s external sector, this study examined the interaction effects of monetary and exchange rate policies on oil and non-oil trade balance. The study assessed how these policy instruments jointly influence Nigeria’s trade balance components across sectors using time series data from 1981–2023. The study employed the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model to estimate both the short- and long-run relationships, including the interaction effects. The findings revealed that, in the short run, monetary policy rate and interest rate significantly influenced capital and consumer goods trade balance but had no significant effect on oil and non-oil trade balance. In contrast, the real exchange rate significantly affected all trade balance components. In the long run, monetary policy rate, interest rate, and real exchange rate significantly determined trade balance across all the sectors. Furthermore, monetary policy significantly moderates exchange rate effects in non-oil trade, but not in oil trade, while fiscal policy and institutional quality showed no significant moderating influence. Hence, we conclude that coordinated monetary and exchange rate policies are critical for improving trade balance outcomes. Based on the findings, the study recommends maintaining single-digit lending interest rates to enhance access to trade finance and stimulate non-oil export performance. The study also recommends that the Central Bank of Nigeria implement monetary policy easing to lower interest rates and facilitate credit access for businesses, thereby enhancing competitiveness and affecting exchange rates. Keywords: , , ,
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Exchange rate policy
  topic: keywords
subject: monetary policy
  topic: keywords
subject: oil and non-oil sector
  topic: keywords
subject: trade balance
  topic: keywords
creator: Asidok Nsikhe Okon
creator: Onyebuchi Kenneth Obi
creator: Amaka G. Metu
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-05-10
publication date: 2026-05-10
starting page: 1
ending page: 21

Manufacturing Sector Output And Economic Performance In West Africa: Panel Analysis
type: item
description: This study examines the impact of manufacturing sector output on economic performance in West Africa using both theoretical and econometric approaches. Economic performance is treated as the dependent variable, while manufacturing sector output serves as the key independent variable, alongside other macroeconomic controls. The analysis covers the period 1990–2023 and employs second generation econometric techniques to account for cross-sectional dependence and heterogeneity across countries. Preliminary analyses include cross-sectional dependence (CD) tests and panel unit root tests based on the Cross-Sectionally Augmented Dickey-Fuller (CADF) approach. The results reveal the presence of cross-sectional dependence and a mixed order of integration among variables, justifying the use of the Panel Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model. The Westerlund error-correction-based cointegration test confirms the existence of a long-run equilibrium relationship among manufacturing output, economic growth, capital formation, inflation, and exchange rate. The Pooled Mean Group (PMG) estimator is employed to estimate both short-run and long-run dynamics. The findings indicate that manufacturing output has a positive and statistically significant effect on economic performance in both the short and long run. The error correction term is negative and significant, suggesting a stable adjustment toward long-run equilibrium. However, the results also indicate that manufacturing growth has not sufficiently translated into employment generation, pointing to jobless growth in the region. The study recommends strengthening industrial policies, improving infrastructure, enhancing access to finance, and promoting value addition and export-oriented manufacturing to achieve sustainable and inclusive growth. Keywords: , , , ,
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Manufacturing output
  topic: keywords
subject: Economics performance
  topic: keywords
subject: Growth
  topic: keywords
subject: Industrialization
  topic: keywords
subject: manufacturing value added
  topic: keywords
creator: Kaltum Mustapha
creator: Ugwuoke Okwudili Walter
creator: Innocent Okwanya
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-05-07
publication date: 2026-05-07
starting page: 230
ending page: 247

Health Expenditure And Maternal Mortality Rate In Sub-Sahara Africa
type: item
description: This study investigates the impact of health expenditure on maternal mortality rate in 12 Sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries over the period 1990–2024 using balanced panel data obtained from the World Development Indicators (WDI, 2024). Maternal mortality rate serves as the dependent variable, while recurrent health expenditure, capital health expenditure, private health expenditure, urban population, and basic sanitation are included as explanatory variables. The study adopts the model specification of Boachie, Ramu, and Põlajeva (2018) and applies advanced panel econometric techniques, including descriptive statistics, Pesaran cross-sectional dependence test, CrossSectionally Augmented Im-Pesaran-Shin (CIPS) unit root test, Westerlund panel cointegration test, and the Panel Autoregressive Distributed Lag (P-ARDL) model to estimate both short-run and longrun relationships. The findings confirm the presence of cross-sectional dependence and a mixed order of integration among the variables, justifying the use of second-generation panel methods. The cointegration results indicate a long-run equilibrium relationship between health expenditure and maternal mortality. Empirical estimates show that recurrent and capital health expenditures have negative but statistically insignificant effects on maternal mortality, suggesting inefficiencies in public health spending and weak implementation mechanisms. In contrast, private health expenditure and basic sanitation exhibit negative and statistically significant impacts, indicating that increased private healthcare spending and improved sanitation significantly reduce maternal deaths. Urban population shows a negative but insignificant relationship with maternal mortality. The study concludes that strengthening private sector participation, improving accountability in public health spending, and expanding access to basic sanitation are essential for achieving sustainable reductions in maternal mortality across SubSaharan Afri…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Maternal Mortality
  topic: keywords
subject: Recurrent Health Expenditure
  topic: keywords
subject: ital health expenditure and Private Health expenditure
  topic: keywords
creator: Yusuf Sadiq Abubakar
creator: Ilemona Adofu
creator: Joseph Paul
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-05-07
publication date: 2026-05-07
starting page: 267
ending page: 281

Economic Dimensions Of Post-Harvest Losses And Household Food Security Among Cowpea Farmers: Evidence From Taraba State, Nigeria
type: item
description: This study examines the economic dimensions of post-harvest losses and household food security among cowpea farmers in Taraba State, Nigeria. Using a cross-sectional survey of 384 farm households and employing Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), the study explores the causal linkages between post-harvest losses and food security. Results indicate that 21.1% of total cowpea output was lost post-harvest, with storage losses accounting for 76.3% of total losses. SEM results reveal that post-harvest losses significantly increased food insecurity (β = 0.782, p < 0.001), while household income had a mitigating effect (β = 0.392, p < 0.001). The study concludes that economic vulnerability induced by postharvest inefficiencies undermines household food security and welfare. Policy recommendations cowpea farmers should priorities the use of Purdue Improved Cowpea Storage (PICS) while government or NGO-led subsidy programs should be implemented to make PICS or super grain bags affordable for smallholder farmers, as these are highly effective against bruchids without chemicals. Government should support local manufacturing and distribution networks for steel drums and metallic silos, which are highly effective alternatives to traditional, less secure storage methods. Government should integrate cowpea post-harvest loss reduction directly into national agricultural and food security strategies by formalizing targets in agricultural policies to aligned with national food security and international goals
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Food Security
  topic: keywords
subject: Post-Harvest Losses & Structural Equation Modeling
  topic: keywords
subject: Taraba State
  topic: keywords
creator: Dennis Terpase Nomor
creator: Philip Terhemen Abachi
creator: Stephen Aondowase Nev
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-05-07
publication date: 2026-05-07
starting page: 248
ending page: 266

Digitalising Local Government Procurement Units: Panacea For Effective Public Finance Management
type: item
description: The procurement units are the central organs that ensure due process of both capital and petty expenditures are adhered to, in order to ensure efficiency, economy, accountability and transparency. But among key issues that have beclouded the unit particularly at the local level is that its process is yet to be digitalized to meet best practice. Thus, this study seeks to explore the need for digitalizing local government procurement units of Adamawa State for effective public finance management. To document the study, qualitative method particularly, the survey method was used where data was collected through questionnaires and personal interview. A multi-stage sampling procedure was applied to select a sample of 126 respondents which cut across the entire ecosystem of procurement units and finance officers in Adamawa state. Descriptive and inferential (Logit regression) statistics were used to analysed the data. The study found that digitalization of the units can reduce corruption, embezzlement of public fund, increase competitiveness among bidders, effective quality service delivery and public resources accountability. The study recommend that staff training on digitalization is required, deployment of digital facilities in the entire local governments procurement units, digital transformation of the procurement processes and units is paramount for effective public financial management.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Digitalization
  topic: keywords
subject: Procurement
  topic: keywords
subject: Financial Management
  topic: keywords
subject: Local Government
  topic: keywords
subject: Adamawa State
  topic: keywords
creator: Amos Caleb
creator: Ibrahim Mohammed Lawal
creator: Dahiru Hassan Balami
creator: Naphtali Watramarhyel John
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-05-07
publication date: 2026-05-07

Assessment Of The Effect Of Economic Growth On Environmental Pollution In West Africa
type: item
description: This study investigates the effect of economic growth on environmental degradation in West Africa, assessing the applicability of the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis. Using annual panel data from 16 West African nations (1996–2022) and a panel autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) approach, the study explores both long- and short-term effects. The results support the EKC hypothesis, demonstrating that economic expansion initially worsens environmental pollution by 10.985% but subsequently reduces it by 0.564% after crossing a specific income threshold. Additionally, the informal sector exacerbates the ecological damage linked to formal economic operations, whereas renewable energy adoption substantially mitigates pollution levels. Conversely, urbanization drives environmental degradation due to heightened energy demand and industrial output, leading to increased CO₂ emissions. These findings highlight the importance of implementing sustainable policies that strengthen environmental governance, integrate informal economic activities, and expand renewable energy infrastructure. To achieve enduring development, West African leaders must harmonize economic advancement with ecological preservation, ensuring that growth strategies do not compromise environmental integrity.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Pollution
  topic: keywords
subject: Economic Growth
  topic: keywords
subject: Environment
  topic: keywords
subject: CO2 Emissions and West Africa
  topic: keywords
creator: Mansur Umar Bata
creator: Mustapha Muktar
creator: Bernard Ojonugwa Anthony
creator: Alfa Yakubu
creator: Egwaikhide Christian Imoudu
creator: Ishola Wasiu Oyeniran
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-05-07
publication date: 2026-05-07
starting page: 198
ending page: 210

Driving Economic Growth Through Macroeconomic Indicators: Evidence From Nigeria
type: item
description: This study empirically examined macroeconomic indicators driving economic growth in Nigeria. The specific objectives of the study were, to examine the relationship between inflation, unemployment rate, exchange rate, interest rate, poverty rate, consumption, investment, government expenditure, and balance of payment and economic growth in Nigeria. The data used for the study is secondary annual time series data covering a period of 1980 to 2024 and were collected from the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) annual statistical bulletin and National Bureau of Statistics (NBS). The study employed Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model. The result revealed that inflation has a positive (99,919.158) insignificant (0.6970) relationship with economic growth in Nigeria, while interest rate has a positive (199,893.2) significant (0.0113) influence on economic growth in the long run in Nigeria. The result further showed that exchange rate has a negative (-34,967.28) insignificant (0.0906) impact on economic growth in Nigeria. The study also showed that unemployment rate is positively (686,032.6) significantly (0.0357) impact economic growth in the long run. The study further revealed that poverty rate has a positive (95,468.23) statistically significant (0.0404) long run impact on economic growth in Nigeria. More so the study found that consumption negatively (-909.545) insignificant (0.1577) impact economic growth in the long run. While Investment revealed a positive (81.12635) and insignificant (0.4658) impact on economic growth in the long run. The result on government expenditure revealed a negative (-869.8982) and insignificant (0.2589) impact on economic growth in Nigeria in the long run. Lastly, balance of payment has a positive (2.807797) statistically significant (0.0144) impact on economic growth in the long run. The study concludes that macroeconomic indicators have mixed impact on economic growth in Nigeria. The study therefore recommends that Nigeria economic grow…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Macroeconomic indicators
  topic: keywords
subject: economic growth
  topic: keywords
subject: Poverty
  topic: keywords
subject: Unemployment
  topic: keywords
subject: Nigeria
  topic: keywords
creator: ODOR Thomas Orukwu
creator: Joseph M. IBBIH
creator: Rifkatu NGHARGBU
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-05-07
publication date: 2026-05-07
starting page: 163
ending page: 197

Effects Of Basic Health Care Provision Fund Health Insurance On Healthcare Access And Utilization In Adamawa State: Evidence From Structural Equation And Thomas & Penchansky Models
type: item
description: Nigeria's path to Universal Health Coverage is hindered by law access, financial and systemic challenges, notably impacting vulnerable populations. Basic Health Care Provision Fund (BHCPF) health insurance, a safety-net intervention in Nigeria, aims to enhance access to and utilisation of healthcare services for the vulnerable. This study examines the influence of the BHCPF health insurance on healthcare access and utilisation, among the vulnerable in Adamawa State. Data were collected from 793 BHCPF health insurance beneficiaries via a cross-sectional survey in Adamawa State between January and June 2025. A multistage sampling approach was used to determine the sample size. Structural Equation Modelling based on the Thomas Model for healthcare access was applied for the measurement of the structural relationships among the study latent variables. The variables are; BHCPF, healthcare access and utilisation (AccessUHC), frequency of healthcare facility visits (AUHC1), availability and ease of access to services (AUHC2) and coverage of health needs of the beneficiaries by the BHCPF (AUHC3). Model fit indices and standardised path coefficients were also conducted. The results indicate that the BHCPF health insurance significantly enhances healthcare access and utilisation for the vulnerable in Adamawa State. Thus; AUHC1- β =0.71 p-value 0.001, AUHC2- β= 0.64 p-value 0.000-AUHC3 β = 0.82 p-value0.000. This study emphasises the significance of BHCPF health insurance as a safety net in improving healthcare access for vulnerable populations. It recommends effective policies to enhance the implementation of BHCPF health insurance in Adamawa State and beyond, for optimising the intervention's impact on healthcare access and utilisation.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: BHCPF health insurance
  topic: keywords
subject: healthcare access and utilization
  topic: keywords
subject: vulnerable population Thomas Healthcare access Model
  topic: keywords
subject: Structural Equation Modeling
  topic: keywords
creator: Hassan Adamu Mohammed
creator: Saifullah Ibrahim Sani
creator: Kekerewoo Isaac Oluwafemi
creator: Bilyaminu Mohammed
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-04-27
publication date: 2026-04-27
starting page: 190
ending page: 207

Estimating The Time-Variant Co-Movement Of Exchange Rate Volatility And Consumer Price Returns In Nigeria
type: item
description: This study examined the dynamic co-movement between the exchange rate volatility and consumer price returns (inflation) in Nigeria. The study adopted DCC-GARCH approach to observe if there exist variations in the correlation between the two variables over different periods using a monthly time series data spanning the period of 2009M1 - 2024M12. The results indicate that the constant mean in the conditional mean equation of exchange rate returns is statistically insignificant. Likewise, the constant of conditional variance equation of CPI returns. However, the parameters in both the mean and the variance equations of the two variables are statistically significant at least at 10 percent level, including the ARCH and the GARCH terms in the two equations. Equally, the sums of α+β in both conditional variance equations are almost 1.2 indicating a somewhat low persistence in the conditional variances. For the dynamic correlation, its mean-value is estimated to be around 0.105 which shows an unconditional positive, although weak, correlation between returns on exchange rate and inflation in Nigeria over the study period. However, the result of parameter constancy test (chi-square statistic) indicates strong evidence against the hypothesis of a constant conditional coefficient. The result shows that Rt is different from R at 1 percent level. Thus, we conclude that there is evidence of dynamism in the conditional correlation between the variables. Depicting the dynamism, we observed that periods of 2011M1, 2019M1 and 2020M8 recorded the lowest correlation (the lowest level of pass-through), while 2011M3 and 2012M6 witnessed a somewhat highest correlation between the two volatilities, until Retail DAS (RDAS) was re-implemented towards the end of July 2013. The paper therefore recommends auction of sufficient foreign exchange by the CBN and unification of exchange rates for adequate predictability of inflation rates by the monetary authority.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Exchange rate
  topic: keywords
subject: Inflation
  topic: keywords
subject: Volatility
  topic: keywords
subject: Dynamic Correlation
  topic: keywords
subject: Nigeria
  topic: keywords
creator: Muhammad Ibrahim Abdullahi
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-04-27
publication date: 2026-04-27
starting page: 113
ending page: 130

Endogenous Growth, Credit Constraints, And Monetary Policy Transmission: A Structural Dynamic Analysis
type: item
description: Understanding how monetary policy affects real economic activity through financial markets remains a central issue in macroeconomic policy debates, particularly in emerging economies characterized by shallow financial systems and persistent credit constraints. This study investigates the dynamic interaction between monetary policy, credit markets, and economic growth in Nigeria using annual macroeconomic data covering the period 1990–2024. The analysis employs a Vector Autoregression (VAR) framework to examine the transmission of monetary shocks through interest rates, liquidity conditions, and private sector credit. The empirical results reveal strong macrofinancial linkages. Credit markets display substantial persistence, while increases in real interest rates significantly reduce private sector credit, indicating the presence of borrowing constraints consistent with the financial accelerator mechanism. In contrast, expansions in broad money supply increase credit availability, supporting the bank lending channel of monetary policy transmission. Inflation dynamics respond strongly to credit and interest rate movements, suggesting that financial conditions play a central role in price adjustments. However, economic growth reacts gradually, implying that monetary policy influences output primarily through indirect credit-market channels rather than immediate output responses. The findings highlight the importance of strengthening financial intermediation and credit allocation mechanisms to improve monetary policy effectiveness and support sustainable long-run growth in emerging economies.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Monetary Policy Transmission
  topic: keywords
subject: Credit Channel
  topic: keywords
subject: Financial Frictions
  topic: keywords
subject: Economic Growth
  topic: keywords
subject: Nigeria
  topic: keywords
creator: Oseji Akpors Sunday
creator: Omitogun Olawunmi
creator: Okutimiren Adeteji Olusegun
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-04-24
publication date: 2026-04-24
starting page: 131
ending page: 145

Determinants Of Green Innovation: The Role Of Regulatory Pressure, Technology Innovation, And Institutional Collaboration
type: item
description: This study examined the determinants of green innovation in organizations, focusing on regulatory pressure, technological innovation, and institutional collaboration. Using Pinnacle Oil Nigeria as the research context, the study developed standardized scales for all variables, including Green Innovation, ensuring measurement validity and reliability. A total of 199 employees participated, and data were collected via a structured questionnaire designed to capture organizational practices and perceptions of sustainability. The study adopted a descriptive quantitative research design, and data were analysed using SPSS version 26.0. Key analyses included descriptive statistics, factor analysis, and regression analysis, which confirmed the factorial structure of the constructs and examined relationships among the variables. Figures indicated high mean scores across all variables, demonstrating strong perceptions of regulatory support, technological adoption, collaborative practices, and green innovation initiatives. Factor analysis validated the multidimensional nature of Green Innovation, while regression results highlighted the positive contributions of regulatory pressure, technology innovation, and institutional collaboration to environmentally sustainable practices. The study suggests that organizations, particularly in the oil and gas sector, should strengthen technological adoption, leverage external collaborations, and adhere to regulatory frameworks to enhance green innovation. The study contributes to the literature by providing standardized, validated instruments for measuring Green Innovation and its key determinants, offering a robust foundation for future empirical research and practical implementation of sustainability initiatives.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Green Innovation
  topic: keywords
subject: Regulatory Pressure
  topic: keywords
subject: Technological Innovation
  topic: keywords
subject: Institutional Collaboration
  topic: keywords
subject: Sustainability Practices
  topic: keywords
creator: Sunday Anyaogu
creator: Abiodun Olumuyiwa
creator: Nimide Falasinu
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-04-22
publication date: 2026-04-22
starting page: 36
ending page: 51

Assessing The Role Of Resource Endowment And Export Diversification In Nigeria’s Growth Trajectory
type: item
description: This study examines the relationship between Nigeria’s natural resource endowment, export diversification, and economic growth (RGDP) using annual time-series data from 1981 to 2023. The analysis employs descriptive statistics, the Augmented Dickey Fuller (ADF) unit root test, Johansen cointegration technique, Granger causality test, and an Error Correction Model (ECM) to ensure robust estimation. The results show that all variables are normally distributed and integrated of order one, I(1). The Johansen cointegration test identifies three cointegrating relationships, confirming the existence of a stable long-run equilibrium among oil production, export diversification, and economic growth. The Granger causality results reveal a unidirectional causal link from oil production to economic growth, while export diversification does not directly cause growth, indicating Nigeria’s continued structural dependence on the oil sector. The ECM findings show a significant speed of adjustment of 62.4 percent, suggesting a relatively rapid correction of short-run disequilibria. Export diversification exhibits a mixed short-run effect, with contemporaneous impacts being negative but lagged effects positive and significant, reflecting delayed growth benefits due to institutional and structural constraints. The study concludes that although oil remains a key growth driver, overreliance on it heightens vulnerability to external shocks. It therefore recommends that Nigeria strategically channel oil revenues into strengthening non-oil sectors, improving institutional efficiency, and investing in human capital to ensure that export diversification fosters sustainable and inclusive economic growth.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Export Diversification
  topic: keywords
subject: Oil Production
  topic: keywords
subject: Economic Growth
  topic: keywords
subject: Error Correction Model
  topic: keywords
subject: Nigeria
  topic: keywords
subject: Resource Endowment
  topic: keywords
creator: Mustapha Adamu Zubairu
creator: Tijjani Maman
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-04-22
publication date: 2026-04-22
starting page: 21
ending page: 35

What Drives Child Health Inequality In Nigeria? Decomposing The Socioeconomic Gap In Children Nutritional Status
type: item
description: Child undernutrition remains a critical public health challenge in Nigeria and despite policy efforts, evidence on the magnitude and drivers of inequality in child nutritional status using formal decomposition methods remains limited. This study quantifies and decomposes socioeconomic inequality in child nutritional status in Nigeria using three waves of the Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey (2008, 2013 and 2018). Socioeconomic inequality in weight-for-age z-scores (WAZ) was measured using the Concentration Index (CI) while Wagstaff and Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition methods were employed to quantify the contribution of each determinant to overall inequality. The result shows a persistent pro-poor inequality in child nutrition observed across all survey years. When ranked by wealth, the CI was -0.202 (2008), -0.150 (2013) and -0.171 (2018); when ranked by maternal education, the CI was -0.220, -0.167 and -0.188, respectively (all p<0.01). Decomposition analyses revealed that maternal secondary and tertiary education were the largest contributors to wealth-based inequality, while household wealth was the dominant driver of education-based inequality. Antenatal care visits contributed a mild 13–26% across models. On the side of Oaxaca–Blinder decomposition, the result showed that the mean WAZ gap between rich and poor children ranged from -0.635 to -0.778, with the explained component rising from 47.5% in 2008 to 60.0% in 2018, driven primarily by maternal education and antenatal care visits. The unexplained component increased markedly by 2018 (23.8%), suggesting growing disparities in the returns to endowments. The study concludes that socioeconomic inequality in child nutrition in Nigeria is persistent and structurally entrenched. Therefore, the study recommends, among others, that government should ensure girls complete secondary education through targeted scholarships and conditional transfers as well as ensure instituting and scaling up of nutrition-sensitive …
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Child undernutrition
  topic: keywords
subject: weight-for-age z-scores
  topic: keywords
subject: health inequality
  topic: keywords
subject: Concentration Index
  topic: keywords
subject: decomposition
  topic: keywords
subject: socioeconomic determinants
  topic: keywords
subject: NDHS
  topic: keywords
creator: Rabi’u Isah Mohammed
creator: Ilemona Adofu
creator: Salami Abdulganiyu
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-04-21
publication date: 2026-04-21
starting page: 146
ending page: 162

Inflation Threshold And Inflation-Growth Nexus In Nigeria
type: item
description: This study examines the inflation threshold and its effects on economic growth in Nigeria for the period 1980Q1-2022Q4. A non-dynamic threshold regression model developed by Khan and Senhadji (2001) was employed to identify the threshold effect of inflation on economic growth in Nigeria. The result indicates the existence of threshold effect of inflation on economic growth, established at 9.41%. In particular, holding inflation rate below or equal to the estimated threshold value, inflation has a significant positive effect on economic growth. Beyond the threshold level, inflation exerts a significant negative effect on economic growth. Precisely, the finding shows that economic growth would increase by 0.605% in response to a unit increase in the inflation rate. This reveals the desirability of inflation towards improving economic growth in this regime. Beyond the threshold level, inflation reduces the rate of economic growth by 0512% for every additional percentage increase in the inflation rate. Inflation rate in this regime is viewed as a disincentive and detrimental to economic growth due to its negative effects. The study recommends that government should maintain a relatively low and stable inflation rate and then choose an optimal inflation target consistent with steady and sustainable economic growth. That is, at most 9.41% inflation target.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Inflation Threshold
  topic: keywords
subject: Economic Growth
  topic: keywords
subject: Non-dynamic threshold regression model
  topic: keywords
creator: Tijjani Mamman
creator: Musa Ibrahim
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-04-21
publication date: 2026-04-21
starting page: 74
ending page: 94

Impact Of Infrastructural Sector On Economic Growth In Nigeria
type: item
description: This study examined the impact of infrastructural sector on economic growth in Nigeria. This study employed the use of trend analysis, descriptive statistics, Error Correction Model (ECM) of analysis, and granger causality test for analysis. The result of the analysis reveals that, the mean average values of the variables; RGDP, ESD, HSD and TSD are given as 54358.86, 81.30102, 11.67725 and 70.21210 billion Naira respectively while the standard deviation of the variables is given as 9.162022 Naira, 58462.68, 52.56622, 9.234883 and 35.54982 billion Naira respectively. Economic growth requires improvement in public expenditure on education and transportation. No evidence of granger causality either unidirectional or bidirectional causal relationship among the variables. The study therefore concluded that infrastructural development has a significant effect on economic growth in Nigeria and recommended that the government of Nigeria should ensure stringent result-oriented fiscal policy control measures are put in place to regulate public spending on educational sector development, health sector development and transport sector development.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Musa Ibrahim
creator: Mohammed Ishaka Gani
creator: Sarah Ali Agara
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-04-21
publication date: 2026-04-21
starting page: 96
ending page: 112

Impact Of Corporate Tax Reforms On Business Investment In BRICS Emerging Economies
type: item
description: This study explores how corporate tax reforms influence business investment in BRICS emerging economies from 1991 to 2024, using gross fixed capital formation (GFCF) as a measure of investment. To capture both short-term adjustments and long-term relationships, the study applies the Panel Autoregressive Distributed Lag (PMG/ARDL) model, while also considering key factors such as trade openness, credit availability, inflation, and infrastructure. Preliminary tests confirm that the variables are suitable for this approach and that a long-run relationship exists among them. The findings show that corporate tax has a clear negative effect on investment in the long run. Specifically, a 1% increase in corporate tax reduces investment by about 0.56%, suggesting that higher taxes discourage firms from expanding. In contrast, trade openness supports investment, with a 1% increase leading to a 0.68% rise, highlighting the benefits of global market integration. Inflation is found to be particularly harmful, reducing investment by about 1.68%, as economic instability makes long-term planning difficult for businesses. Interestingly, infrastructure shows a negative effect, pointing to possible inefficiencies in how it is developed or managed. Credit also has a weak negative impact, suggesting that access to finance alone does not guarantee productive investment. In the short run, most factors do not have a strong effect, although the system adjusts quickly back to its long-run path. The study shows that tax reforms alone are not enough. A stable economic environment, better infrastructure, and effective financial systems are equally important for boosting investment.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Corporate tax
  topic: keywords
subject: business investment
  topic: keywords
subject: Credit
  topic: keywords
subject: BRICS
  topic: keywords
subject: Emerging Economies
  topic: keywords
creator: Daniel Ojonago Musa
creator: Samuel Onoja
creator: Mohammed Abdulrahman
creator: Ujah Philip Eyiojo
creator: Ephraim Omale
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-04-21
publication date: 2026-04-21
starting page: 131
ending page: 145

Foreign Direct Investment And Its Effect On The Performance Of Return On Assets Of Commercial Banks In Nigeria
type: item
description: This study investigated the effects of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) on the financial performance of commercial banks in Nigeria. The key indicator used here is Return on Assets (ROA), utilizing secondary data from 1991 to 2022, obtained from the Central Bank of Nigeria, National Bureau of Statistics, world bank, St. Louis Bank as well as Nigeria Deposit Insurance Corporation (NDIC) database, and financial reports of commercial banks, the study employed a variety of statistical techniques to analyze the data. These techniques include the Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) unit root test for stationarity, cointegration test for long-run relationships, and the Autoregressive Distributed Lagged (ARDL) model for dynamic interactions. Additionally, post-estimation diagnostics such as the Breusch-Godfrey Serial Correlation LM Test, Jaque-Bera test, and CUSUM test for model stability were conducted. The Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model results confirmed a long-run relationship between FDI and ROA, suggesting that foreign investments contribute to sustained improvements in asset utilization and firm efficiency. The Vector Autoregression (VAR) model further indicated dynamic interactions between FDI, ROE, and PM, where FDI exhibited both immediate and lagged effects, influenced by macroeconomic factors such as GDP growth, inflation, and trade openness.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Foreign direct investment
  topic: keywords
subject: return on assets
  topic: keywords
subject: financial performance
  topic: keywords
subject: commercial banks
  topic: keywords
subject: profitability
  topic: keywords
creator: Pidau Benjamin AMUGA
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-03-29
publication date: 2026-03-29

Financial Inclusion And Household Financial Health In Nigeria: The Role Of Sociodemographic Factors
type: item
description: This study investigates the socio-demographic determinants of financial inclusion and their impact on household financial health in Nigeria. Using data from the Enhanced Financial Inclusion and Innovation Survey (2023), logit regression models were employed to estimate the likelihood of households achieving financial health. The results reveal that financial inclusion has a negative and significant effect on household financial health, suggesting that access to financial services alone may expose households to debt burdens and financial stress when not accompanied by adequate literacy and support structures. Age exhibits a nonlinear effect, with younger and middle‑aged households facing greater challenges, while older households regain stability through accumulated wealth and financial experience. Ethnic differences are evident: Hausa households are more likely to experience improved financial health compared to Igbo households, while Yoruba households show weak positive effects. Income and education emerge as the strongest positive drivers of financial health, whereas urban households are less likely to achieve financial stability compared to rural households, reflecting the pressures of higher living costs and debt exposure. The study contributes to debates on inclusive finance and development by highlighting the complex and sometimes counterintuitive relationship between financial inclusion and household well-being. Policy recommendations emphasize the need for inclusive financial strategies that integrate literacy programs, affordable financial products, and debt management support, alongside interventions that address age, ethnic, and regional disparities to strengthen household resilience and advance progress toward the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Keywords: ; ; ; ;
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Financial inclusion
  topic: keywords
subject: Household financial health
  topic: keywords
subject: Nigeria
  topic: keywords
subject: Logit regression
  topic: keywords
subject: Socio-demographic factors
  topic: keywords
creator: Adamu Idi
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-03-29
publication date: 2026-03-29

Role Of SMES In Rural Poverty Reduction In Wase Local Government, Plateau State, Nigeria
type: item
description: Poverty continues to challenge rural communities in developing countries, including Nigeria, where limited access to resources, infrastructure, and opportunities hinders economic development. This study examined the role of Small and Medium-Scale Enterprises (SMEs) in reducing rural poverty in Wase Local Government Area, Plateau State. Data were collected from 395 SME operators using structured questionnaires and analyzed through descriptive statistics and a Generalized Linear Model (GLM). The findings revealed that SMEs have a significant positive impact on rural poverty reduction, demonstrating that their activities improve access to resources and economic opportunities in households. The results also revealed that employment generation through SMEs significantly reduces poverty, indicating that job creation directly enhances the welfare of rural communities and income obtained from SME activities positively affects household living standards, showing that higher earnings help households meet their basic needs. Finally, the findings revealed that the education level of SME operators and availability of infrastructure strongly enhance business performance and amplify the poverty reduction effect. The study concluded that SMEs play a vital role in improving rural livelihoods. Based on the findings, the study recommended policies to expand employment opportunities, increase income-generating capacity, provide skill development programs, and invest in rural infrastructure to maximize the role of SMEs in alleviating poverty and fostering sustainable rural development.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Small and Medium-Scale Enterprises (SMEs)
  topic: keywords
subject: Rural Poverty Reduction
  topic: keywords
subject: Employment Generation
  topic: keywords
subject: Income Generation
  topic: keywords
creator: Muhammad Abubakar Isah
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-03-29
publication date: 2026-03-29

Impact Of Energy Consumption On Economic Growth In Lower Middle Income Economies In Africa
type: item
description: The persistent challenge of achieving sustainable economic growth in African middle-income economies underscores the critical role of energy consumption as a key input in production and development. This study investigates the dynamic relationship between energy consumption and economic growth in these economies over the period 2003 to 2023. Employing a panel ARDL estimation technique, the research examines both short-run and long-run relationship across a panel of fifteen selected middle income African countries. The findings reveal a significant positive long-run relationship between energy consumption and economic growth, highlighting energy as a critical driver of economic growth. However, the short-run results suggest mixed impacts, with some economies experiencing negative effects due to inefficiencies in energy use. Based on these findings, the study recommends the adoption of energy-efficient technologies, investment in renewable energy infrastructure, and policies that promote sustainable energy consumption to enhance economic growth across the region. These measures are essential for ensuring both economic resilience and environmental sustainability.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Economic Growth
  topic: keywords
subject: Energy Consumption
  topic: keywords
subject: Lower Middle-income Economies
  topic: keywords
subject: Africa
  topic: keywords
creator: Yusuf BASIRU
creator: Mustapha MUKTAR
creator: Bernard Ojonugwa Anthony
creator: Zakaree S. SAHEED
creator: Ishola Wasiu Oyeniran
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-03-29
publication date: 2026-03-29

Examining The Consequences Of Unemployment Amongst Youths In Abia State, Nigeria
type: item
description: Unemployment has been a major issue confronting most developing countries due which Abia State in Nigeria is part of thereby experiencing the associated effect from it. This study attempted to assess the consequences of unemployment amongst the youths in Abia State, Nigeria. The study adopted survey design whereas chi-square was used to analyse the data collected. The study used a total of three hundred respondents; hundred respondents were selected each from the three senatorial districts in the State using stratified sampling technique. A well-structured questionnaire was used to collect primary data for the study with a pilot study conducted to test the validity of the instrument used. The empirical result shows that youth unemployment has significant effect poverty level in Nigeria. The study also discovered that significant efforts has made by the government to eradicate the high rate of poverty in Nigeria. These results were arrived at by analysing the data generated via a well-structured questionnaire administered on indigenes and non-indigenes resident in the three senatorial districts of Abia North, Abia Central and Abia South of Abia State. The study recommended that government among other things should establish industries to ensure that jobs are created for the teaming unemployed youths as well as a review of previous policies that were implemented to eradicate unemployment so as to enable policy makes know the loopholes which existed in such policies.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Unemployment
  topic: keywords
subject: Youth Unemployment
  topic: keywords
subject: Household
  topic: keywords
subject: Productive
  topic: keywords
subject: Economic activities
  topic: keywords
creator: Effiong Charles Efefiom
creator: Asidok Nsihke Okon
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-03-29
publication date: 2026-03-29

Cryptocurrency, Money Supply And Monetary Policy: Theoretical And Empirical Reviews
type: item
description: The rapid emergence of cryptocurrencies has introduced new dynamics into global monetary systems, raising concerns about the effectiveness of conventional monetary policy frameworks. As decentralized digital currencies operate largely outside the control of central banks, their growing adoption may weaken monetary policy transmission mechanisms and complicate the management of money supply. This paper provides a theoretical and empirical review of the relationship between cryptocurrency and monetary policy, with particular emphasis on implications for central bank control over money supply. Drawing on established monetary theories and recent empirical evidence from both advanced and emerging economies, including Nigeria, the study synthesizes key findings, identifies areas of consensus and divergence in the literature, and highlights existing research gaps. The review shows that while cryptocurrencies do not yet pose an immediate threat to monetary policy effectiveness, their rapid growth and increasing use as alternative stores of value and payment instruments could, over time, undermine central banks’ ability to regulate liquidity and ensure price stability. The paper concludes by outlining policy-relevant insights and directions for future research.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Cryptocurrency
  topic: keywords
subject: monetary policy
  topic: keywords
subject: Central Bank
  topic: keywords
subject: money supply
  topic: keywords
subject: theoretical
  topic: keywords
subject: empirical review
  topic: keywords
creator: Baffa Kabiru Gwadabe
creator: Maryam Ibrahim Giade
creator: Aminu Mohammed Usman
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-03-15
publication date: 2026-03-15

Challenges And Prospects Of Youth Employment In Yobe State, Nigeria: A Quantitative Analysis
type: item
description: Youth unemployment remains one of the most pressing socioeconomic challenges in Nigeria, particularly in the northeastern region where insecurity, poor infrastructure, and limited industrial activity exacerbate joblessness. This study will examines the challenges and prospects of youth employment in Yobe State using a quantitative research approach. A structured questionnaire will be administered to 380 youths across selected local government areas in the state, and the data will be analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics via SPSS version 26. The findings will reveal a significant proportion of the youth population is either unemployed or self-employed in informal sectors with limited income and stability. Major challenges that will be identified include lack of access to vocational training, limited startup capital, corruption in program implementation, and inadequate government and private-sector job opportunities. Although several youth employment and empowerment programs exist, their effectiveness remains limited due to poor targeting, low funding, and weak monitoring frameworks. However, the study will also highlights potential prospects for reducing youth unemployment through targeted investments in skills acquisition, entrepreneurship development, and the revival of local industries. The research will recommends a holistic and transparent approach to youth employment policy implementation, with emphasis on education reform, vocational training, stakeholder collaboration, and improved governance mechanisms. The study also provide empirical evidence that can guide government and development agencies in designing more effective youth employment strategies tailored to the realities of Yobe State.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Ahmed Mallum
creator: Idris Mohammed Yaro
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-03-15
publication date: 2026-03-15

National Security, A Panacea For Economic Growth In Nigeria 1981-2025
type: item
description: Insecurity in Nigeria became more deadly and incessant following Nigeria’s transition from military rule to democracy in the year 1999.Over the years, there have been agitations over national resources which led to emergence of arm group in different parts of the country. For instance, the Niger- Delta miliants, independent people of Biafra(IPOB),movement for the actualization of the sovereign sstate of biafra (MASSOB), Afinefere etc. originated from the south and west while the north had its share of insecurity arising from activities of book haram, Islamic state of west African province(iswap),ethno religious crises, communal clashes, banditry, kidnapping etc. Insecurity according to Okoli, Oladipo & Onugha(2023) is a feeling of trepidation and unsafe that leads to wanton destruction of lives and properties in a society. It is a situation in which people’s lives and properties feel unsafe and businesses do not thrive well. Despite measures put in place by government at all levels (federal, state and local), insecurity continues to persist especially in the north eastern Nigeria.Okoli, Onugha, Oladipo & Chiwendu(2023) nations that aspire to grow develop should have a safe environment that would allow businesses and economic activities thrive well. One key determinant of economic growth of any nation is peace and security (Lious& Hilkyaa, 2018). The objectives of the study are to examine the impact of insecurity on socio-economic growth in North Eastern Nigeria and to examine the trend in economic growth from 1981-2025.The study adopted both qualitative and quantitative approach on socio economic implication of insecurity and anchored on the relative deprivation theory. The study also used descriptive statistics and the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) to analyze data from 1981 to 2025. Results from the findings revealed that unemployment rate was high in 1992 and low in 2023 with values of 8.20 and 3.07 respectively, having a standard deviation of 1.42 which i…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Insecurity
  topic: keywords
subject: OLS
  topic: keywords
subject: Economic Growth
  topic: keywords
creator: Atiman Kasima Wilson
creator: Sabo Sabo Junior
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-03-15
publication date: 2026-03-15