ADSU International Journal of Applied Economics, Finance and Management

Gender Differences In Openness In Experience, Job Autonomy, Emotional Exhaustion, And Work Overload Among Construction Workers: A Cross-Sectional Approach

Abstract

This study investigated gender differences in openness to experience, job autonomy, emotional exhaustion, and work overload among construction workers in Lagos State, Nigeria, guided by the Job Demands-Resources (JD-R) theory. A comparative cross-sectional survey design was adopted, involving 187 purposively selected construction workers (male and female) with a minimum of six months of work experience. Data were collected using standardized psychometric instruments and analyzed using descriptive statistics and independent samples t-tests. The results revealed significant gender differences in emotional exhaustion, job autonomy, and openness to experience. Specifically, female workers reported higher levels of emotional exhaustion and openness to experience, while male workers perceived greater job autonomy. No significant gender difference was found in perceptions of work overload. These findings highlight the influence of gender on psychological and work-related experiences in the construction industry and suggest the need for gender-sensitive job design and mental health interventions to foster employee well-being. The study suggests that construction firms should implement gender responsive support systems, such as mental health programs and flexible work policies, to reduce emotional exhaustion, particularly among female workers. It also recommends promoting inclusive work practices that enhance job autonomy for all employees, regardless of gender, to foster a more balanced and productive work environment.