Since gaining independence in 1960, Nigeria has grappled with the challenge of achieving stable economic growth to address critical issues like poverty and political stability. Despite existing research on economic growth drivers, there remains a notable gap in understanding how specific macroeconomic factors shape Nigeria’s economic trajectory. This study addresses this gap by adopting a unique approach, exploring factor input variables comprehensively. Utilizing time series data from 1970 to 2022 and employing Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF), Phillips-Perron, and BaiPerron Structural Break Unit Root tests as stationarity tests, while ARDL analyzes the time series data. The findings identify Capital Accumulation and Technology Adoption as significant stimulants for economic growth, whereas Human Capital shows an insignificant negative impact. The study found an R-squared value of 0.9992, implying that 99% of the variations in GDP were explained by the independent variables. Therefore, the study recommends the importance of investing in infrastructure and technology and reassessing education and training programs to better align with market demands, thus driving sustainable economic growth.