This study critically examines the role of citizens’ participation in policy formulation in Nigeria, with specific reference to Adamawa State between 2019 and 2022. Recognizing that democratic governance thrives on the active engagement of citizens in public decision-making, the research investigates the extent to which individuals and civil society organizations contribute to policy processes at the state level. The study employs a mixed method approach, combining quantitative data collected through structured questionnaires distributed across three senatorial districts in Adamawa State with qualitative insights gathered via interviews and document analysis. Findings reveal that citizens’ participation in policy formulation during the period under review was largely limited, often hindered by factors such as political apathy, lack of awareness, low trust in government institutions, and weak institutional frameworks for inclusive governance. Despite constitutional provisions and government pronouncements encouraging participatory governance, the practical mechanisms for meaningful engagement remained underdeveloped. The study concludes that effective citizen participation requires deliberate institutional reforms, civic education, and the strengthening of participatory platforms to ensure that public policies reflect the needs and aspirations of the populace. It recommends the establishment of community-level policy forums, increased transparency in governance processes, and the empowerment of local actors to enhance democratic accountability and inclusive development in Adamawa State and beyond.